Role of EYCDFA for Optical Communication System

In this paper, performance analysis of Erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier is presented. 60Gbps single channel link is used with EDFA-EYCDFA cascaded structure. Various parameters like bit error rate (BER), received optical power, Q factor, noise figure and dispersion are used to measure system performance. The signal to noise ratio has been improved by using this optical amplifier. The main objective to present this work is to use the erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier to achieve higher power, this amplifier is used because it absorb higher amount of energy

A Hybrid Machine Learning Technique For Feature Optimization In Object-Based Classification of Debris-Covered Glaciers

Object-based features like spectral, topographic, and textural are supportive to determine debris-covered glacier classes. The original feature space includes relevant and irrelevant features. The inclusion of all these features increases the complexity and renders the classifier’s performance. Therefore, feature space optimization is requisite for the classification process. Previous studies have shown a rigorous exercise in manually selecting the best combination of features to define the target class and proven to be a time consuming task. The present study proposed a hybrid feature selection technique to automate the selection of the best suitable features. This study aimed to reduce the classifier’s complexity and enhance the performance of the classification model. Relief-F and Pearson Correlation filter-based feature selection methods ranked features according to the relevance and filtered out irrelevant or less important features based on the defined condition. Later, the hybrid model selected the common features to get an optimal feature set. The proposed hybrid model was tested on Landsat 8 images of debris-covered glaciers in Central Karakoram Range and validated with present glacier inventories. The results showed that the classification accuracy of the proposed hybrid feature selection model with a Decision Tree classifier is 99.82%, which is better than the classification results obtained using other mapping techniques. In addition, the hybrid feature selection technique has sped up the process of classification by reducing the number of features by 77% without compromising the classification accuracy

Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for multicomponent reactions

[EN] Organic synthesis performed through multicomponent reactions is an attractive area of research in organic chemistry. Multicomponent reactions involve more than two starting reagents that couple in an exclusive ordered mode under the same reaction conditions to form a single product which contains the essential parts of the starting materials. Multicomponent reactions are powerful tools in modern drug discovery processes, because they are an important source of molecular diversity, allowing rapid, automated and high throughput generation of organic compounds. This review aims to illustrate progress in a large variety of catalyzed multicomponent reactions performed with acid, base and metal heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. Within each type of multicomponent approach, relevant products that can be obtained and their interest for industrial applications are presented.The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the Generalitat Valenciana for the financial support in the project CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 (CSD2009-00050)Climent Olmedo, MJ.; Corma Canós, A.; Iborra Chornet, S. (2012). Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for multicomponent reactions. RSC Advances. 2(1):16-58. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ra00807bS16582

Mortality Trends In Chandigarh (U.T)

Research question : With what causes people are dying in U.T. of Chandigarh? Objective: To analyse the causes of deaths that occurred in the years 1983and 1992. Study design: Record verification Setting: Urban, rural and slum areas Study Variable : Age, sex, residence, cause of death. Statistical analysis : Proportions Results : The death statistics of Chandigarh was comparable with that of the developed countries. The mortality due to infections and parasitic diseases had decreased from 18.7% to 12.3% in a decade whereas mortality from circulatory system diseases had increased from 18.1% to 31.2% in the same period